I will tell you about some of the parts of speech. The first is the noun . A noun is just a person, place, or thing. If a noun is not specific, it is not capitalized.
Ex: The boy ran.
In this sentence, "boy" is not capitalized because "boy" is not specific. But if it is specific, it is capitalized. We call this a proper noun .
Ex: Jimmy ran.
But in that sentence, the noun is capitalized.

Now, I will talk about verbs . A verb is a word that tells what the noun does in the sentence.
Ex: Rachel jumped .
In the sentence, "jumped" tells what Rachel does.

Next is adverbs. An adverb is a word that describes the verb and gives you a little more information about what is going on.
Ex: The cat fell suddenly .
"Suddenly" describes "fell" in this sentence. Most adverbs are recognizable because they usually end in "-ly".

Now, let's talk about adjectives . An adjective describes a noun. Whenever you have more than one adjective describing the same noun, you must put commas between them.
Ex: The gloomy , old cat laid around.
NOTE: You must put commas between adjectives. Otherwise, the reader will mistake the words as being one description.

Now, I will talk about prepositions . A preposition is a word placed in front of a noun or pronoun (the object of the preposition) to show a connection with or to someone of something.
Ex: The dog went under the branch .
Under - preposition, branch - object